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Friday, 17 January 2020
Second Amendment is 'under very serious attack' in Virginia ahead of gun-rights rally Trump says
Dietary Supplement Improves Cognition in Alzheimer’s
Approximately 5.5 million Americans currently suffer from Alzheimer’s dementia, and no cure or preventive measure currently exists.However, a new dietary supplement has shown an ability to improve cognitive function in adults with dementia, based on results of a year-long clinical trial. In the study, 34 adults with an average age of 80 were given one teaspoon, four times a day, of a dietary supplement containing multiple natural ingredients, notably a unique form of aloe vera and stabilized rice bran, for 12 months."Overall, our results showed statistically and clinically significant improvements in cognitive functioning and statistically significant improvements in immune functioning for a disease that otherwise has no efficacious medical treatment," says John E. Lewis, Ph.D., founder and chief science officer of Nurish.Me, a company focused on developing innovative dietary supplements."Many participants had a renewed ability to recall people, places, events and situations, which was remarkable given their disease severity and from what the caregivers reported to us," Lewis adds.In addition, participants showed significant improvements after 12 months of treatment in scores on the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog), the current gold standard for measuring and assessing cognitive function in dementia patients. On average, patients in the study showed improvements in the ADAS-Cog of greater than four points, which is considered clinically significant.The initial results of the study were published in 2013 in the Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease. Additional findings were published in 2017 in the Journal of Clinical and Translational Research, and a third paper has been accepted for publication in the Journal of Clinical and Translational Research.Based on the study results, Lewis and a team of scientists and business partners created the Nurish.Me company and developed the CogniNurish dietary supplement for consumer use. CogniNurish contains the key ingredients from the Alzheimer’s study: aloe vera inner leaf powder (BiAloe) and stabilized rice bran.The unique combination of polysaccharides from BiAloe, phytochemicals and other essential nutrients from rice bran and other ingredients "creates a broad-spectrum approach to providing the body the raw materials it needs to enable the bioen
gineering of life," says Lewis."This ingredient combination has been missing in the brain health space."For more information, visit www.nurish.me.CogniNurish is now available via Amazon, and CogniNurish Pro, an enhanced version of the original formula, is scheduled to be available in the first quarter of 2020.
Wednesday, 12 October 2016
Freelancer kia hai urdu what is freelancer.
Freelancer kya hai?( what is freelancer in urdu)
Jo worker ek se jada clients ke liye apni skill ke hisaab se kisi topic ya kisi project par kaam krta hai use hi freelancer kahte hai aur is process ko freelancing kahte hai.
Ek freelancer kisi ek company ya client ke liye kaam nhi karta vo kisi bhi company ke liye ek sath kaam kr skta hai.
Freelancing me koi bhi fix income nhi hoti. Aur nahi koi fix time hota hai vo apne hisab se apne time par kaam kr skta hai.
Freelancer kisi client ke full froject ka koi bhi jimma nhi rkhta hai vo sirf vo hi kaam krta hai jo use diya jata hai vo apne kaam ke alaba kisi bhi work ka responsible nhi hota hai.
Share marketing kya hai
Freelancing se kitne paise kamaye ja skte hai?
Freelancing ke liye kya skills honi chahiye?
freelancer ek bahut hi achchha tarika hai paise kamane ke liye .isme aap ke paas agar koi bhi skill hai.(jaise web design ,data entry, translating etc.) app us field work ko choose kar skte hai
Freelancing me koi fix income nhi hoti hai ye aapke upar depend krta hai ki aap kitna kaam kr skte hai.
Client freelancer ko per hour ke hisaab se bhi rupaye deta hai ya fir apne work ke hisaab se fix rupaye deta hai.
Freelancing ke type-----
freelancing 2 tarah ki hoti hai.
1.REMOTE FREELANCING job-----is tarah ki job me freelancer ko kaam krne ke liye kisi bhi perticular sthan par jane ki jarurat nhi padti hai vo apne ghar se ya kisi bhi jagah se client ke liye kaam kr skta hai.
2.ON-SITE FREELANCING job-----is tarah ki job me freelancer ko kisi perticular jagah(client ke dwara btaigayi) par jakar kaam krna padta hai .
Kuchh top ki freelancer websites pakistan me kaam karne ke liye.
elance
Odesk
Truelancer
99designs
Upwork
Freelancer
Awesome web
Fiverr
Guru
Peopleperhour
Worknhire
Youth4work
Indeed
Linkedin
Text broker
Sunday, 9 October 2016
Telenor today announced the availability of its portable 4G devices in Pakistan
Both devices will come with data only SIMs and will be able run Telenor’s special 4G packages with up to 180GBs of data limit per month.
Before we go ahead, let’s know the difference between both the devices:
4G Hotspot Wingle
Will work only when plugged in a laptop or a (USB) power source
Will create WiFi hotsport for up to 10 connections
4G/3G/2G Fall back option
4G Hotspot Mobile Wifi
Can be used without plugging it into any power source
Simply press a button to put it on
Operates on a battery and hence will need charging
Connect up to 16 Wi-Fi devices
1500mAh rechargeable lithium battery
Maximum Working Time: 6 hours
Maximum Standby Time: 300 hours
4G/3G/2G Fall back option
Prices:
One time prices for both the devices are as following:
4G Hotspot Wingle: Rs. 2,000
4G Hotspot Mobile Wifi: Rs. 3,000
Thursday, 6 October 2016
Not for the recession only: Thrift stores continue to ride a wave of popularity
Not for the recession only: Thrift stores continue to ride a wave of popularity
Sep 16, 2016 • By Tricia Drevets • 1 Comment • 171 Views
What started as a reaction to the financial woes of the Great Recession has turned into a way of life for many shoppers. While traditional department stores continue to fight slumping – Macy’s announced in August that it is closing 100 stores, for instance -- thrift stores continue to gain ground.
From late 2007 through 2015, sales at thrift shops and consignment stores increased by about 50 percent. During the same period, revenues at discount department stores fell by 50 percent and sales at traditional department stores dropped 25 percent, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.
Statistics from America’s Research Group, a consumer research organization, show that about 17 percent of Americans shop at a thrift store each year. To put that percentage in perspective, 21 percent shop in major department stores, 19 percent shop in apparel stores and 11 percent shop in factory outlet malls each year.
Once thought to be mostly for poor people, “thrifting,” as the practice of shopping in thrift stores has come to be called,” has crossed socio-economic borders. Today’s resale customers include teens looking for unique fashion items, young couples furnishing their apartment, parents seeking kids’ clothing and toys and many others who just like to hunt for bargains.
Embed from Getty Images
New trends are for resale shops to cluster together in a community to make it easier for shoppers to hit several stores at once. This strategy has been successful for antique shops and factory outlet stores for decades.
Thrifts stores also are working on enhancing the look of their stores with a wider range of merchandise, more attractive displays, better lighting and wider aisles.
Stressing their shabby-chic image, resale shops have been successful in luring millennial shoppers, who, having grown up during the Recession, tend to shy away from paying full retail prices.
"Millennials are a larger, growing group, and they like the more boutique-y, trendy type of stores," said Karen Means, chief development for Goodwill Industries of Greater New York and New Jersey, said in an interview with Crain’s New York. “[Some are without] disposable income, making a Goodwill boutique a great place for them to shop.”
To further appeal to urban Millennials, Means notes that Goodwill in New York collaborates with Uber to arrange donation pick-ups.
Online consignment sites, such as Real-Real and Tradesy, and brick and mortar consignment stores, such as Buffalo Exchange and Beacon’s Closet that cater to current fashion also are popular with Millennials.
In addition to saving money, thrift store shopping appeals to customers because of its “green” element. California attorney Charity Kenyon said in an interview with Milwaukee Wisconsin Journal Sentinel, that purchasing clothing from a thrift store helps her "feel as though I'm contributing less to environmental impacts. It's 100% recycling."
What is the difference between resale, consignment and not-for-profit stores -- or charity shops as they are called in the United Kingdom?
Here are some distinctions made by NARTS
A consignment shop pays the owners of its merchandise a percentage when and if the items are sold. Policies vary from store to store, but most consignment shops pay owners 40 to 60 percent of the selling price.
A not-for-profit shop, or charity shop, is operated by a charitable organization for the purpose of raising money to fund its charitable causes. These stores often obtain their goods through donations, but some also operate on a consignment basis.
A resale shop sells items purchased or donated from individual owners. A consignment or charity shop can be considered a resale shop, but NARTS stresses that stores that consign their inventory should be called consignment stores.
Although the term “thrifting” is associated with American thrift store shopping, second-hand stores are popular in many countries throughout the world.
According to Great Britain’s Charity Retail Association, for example, Britain has more than 10,000 charity shops, an increase of 10 percent since 2011.
Capitalizing on the 80 percent tax relief they receive from the British government, charity shops have found their way to popular shopping districts. The British Heart Foundation, the country’s largest charity retailer, has more than 750 locations, and in 2013, the Foundation stores’ revenues had doubled since 2007.
Buying used clothing and other items is nothing new. Whether it is in the form of a yard sale find or a sibling’s hand-me-down, people have worn second-hand clothing for hundreds of years. What has changed is that now shopping for used clothing is more acceptable – and is even embraced ---among all social spheres.
A survey by Ask Your Target Market found that saving money was the main reason 78 percent of respondents shopped at thrift stores. However, there are other reasons:
45 percent said they appreciated the variety of items
27 percent said thrift store shopping is fun experience
23 percent commented on the unique styles they find at second-hand stores.
5 percent mentioned other reasons, including helping out charities with their purchases.
Other findings were that women are slightly more likely than men to shop at thrift stores, and those respondents under 35 were in the survey age group most likely to shop at thrift stores on a frequent basis and to have never gone thrift store shopping.
In addition to shopping for bargains at establishments such as Goodwill, Salvation Army, Value Village and St. Vincent de Paul, respondents also said they frequent garage sales, flea markets and online sites such as eBay.
Will resale store sales begin to slump in an improving economy? NARTS says not necessarily. "A slumping economy may draw people in, but once they visit a resale shop for the first time they are pleasantly surprised with the high quality of merchandise and are forever hooked on a new way of smart spending," according to Kitty Boyce, NARTS past president and owner of Remarkable Resale in Rochester, Ill.
How to Get Google Adsense Approval With A New Blog
How to Get Google Adsense Approval With A New Blog
Google AdSense is one of the best ad networks to monetize a website or a blog. It is 90% better than any other CPC advertising programs. It offers the publishers the highest CTR for every web page. The publishers could make lots of revenue daily from Google Adsense. Every new webmaster has a dream to monetize his website with this ad network. But unfortunately, many of them fail. Adsense has introduced some strict rules and requirements. It seems hard to get Adsense approval for our own blog. But, we know impossible is nothing.
Read: AdSense earning report for 4 years – $27,228
The good news is “Getting Approval of Google AdSense with a New Blog is Now Really Easy”, if you follow some basic rules from the starting of your blog. When I first tried, I failed to get approval. But, following these rules, now I have an approved AdSense account. Thinking about this topic, I made a decision to share the basic rules of AdSense.
First Ready Your Blog Before Applying for Adsense:
Adsense moderators always approve those blogs whose have met up the requirements. First of all, you should make your blog ready for this process. Check first if your blog considers these requirements. Now, there are some initial basic requirements announced by AdSense team, and there are some known hacks and tricks that work. For example, on this official page it’s mentioned that for countries like China & India, publishers need to own the site for minimum 6 months, which is not a thumb-rule. Many Indian bloggers have got approval with one-month-old domain. The only thing which really matter here is “Quality”. Let’s look at factors which will make your blog AdSense ready:
Write High-Quality Contents:
A writing proverb “Content is King” helps you understand this requirement. A high-quality blog is identified with the high-quality contents. Great contents mean unique, decorated, stated and clear concerted content. Some black hat webmasters say, copy paste content only between 100-200 words is enough. But, I may assure him that his journey to Adsense will be certainly finished. I think, how a blog post or content could be only between 100-200 words? In my judgment, it is not possible to completely describe a topic within 100-200 words. And if copy paste content is enough, anybody can declare him as a blogger. Please keep in mind, Google AdSense doesn’t approve blogs with copy pasted copyright content. A well-optimized blog post should be 100% unique and above 500-600 words. So, always write blog post above this limit and it must be unique which clearly determinate the post topic.
How to deliver quality blog content
How to establish quality & usefulness in a blog
Optimize Blog Post with Meta Tags and Make It Search Engine Friendly:
Optimize your unique blog post with Meta Title and Description Tag. The meta tags describe what the content is about to the crawler bots. It is not possible for AdSense editorial board to check every single website that has applied to get AdSsense approval. So, positively they will use their crawler bots. The bots will check for every footprint on your blog. That’s why you should make sure; you have specified these tags with appropriate information.
Please keep in mind that your Meta Title should be between 69 characters (including spaces), and Meta Description should be between 156 characters (including spaces). If you are using platform like WordPress or Blogger, here are two guides which will cover all basic SEO requirements:
A DIY guide for WordPress Blog SEO
BlogSpot SEO preference
Have Sufficient Contents or Posts:
You must lead sufficient contents or posts on every page and category. In total, you should have 15-30 blog posts on your whole blog. This is not an official declaration. But, I recommend everybody to at least have it. So, you should have at least 3-4 posts in every category, tag and page. Google Adsense told that we must have sufficient contents in every single web page. So, we should add contents in all pages and categories. There shouldn’t be any blank page without any content. And these posts have to pass the minimum length of 500-600 words as it is the best blog post length. The more you increase the length, the more you go towards to get Google Adsense approval.
Blog Domain Must Old At least 6 Months:
As I mentioned above, in certain countries like India and China, there is a requirement for 6 months for the domain to apply for AdSense. Here is official statement from AdSense team:
In some locations, including China and India, we require publishers to have owned their sites for 6 months. We’ve taken this step to ensure the quality of our advertising network and protect the interests of our advertisers and existing publishers.
Some blog domain could get approved having less old than six months. Even, I got my Adsense account with just two-month-old domain. Can you imagine? But, the average domain age for certain geo-location should be six months.
Apply Using Root Domain:
You should always apply using the root domain like yourdomain.com. Not blog.yourdomain.com.
Be Serious to Choose Content Images:
Google Adsense doesn’t approve blogs if they lead to copyrighted contents. Copyrighted means the things that have been copied from others directory without their permission. And we make fault every time when choosing an image. Some people just go to an image directory, take their suitable images and upload these on their blogs. Did they ever check if they have permission to use these? The really sad news is that, most of the webmasters who fail to get Adsense because of this copyrighted law. And this is really caused by copyrighted images. Here are guides which will help you to find images for free:
How to find free images for blog post using Flickr
Where to find images online – Free & Paid?
Lead a Nice design and Blog Structure:
Blog structure is the basic structure of your blog. So, make sure that you have a nice looking header, content area, sidebar, footer, etc. Always think if the visitors will like the structure. If people like it, Adsense would definitely like it. The first impression of any blog comes with blog design, and you can take advantage of any professional looking templates (free or paid), and use it on your blog.
10 premium looking templates for BlogSpot blogs
Check if Your Blog is Not Blocked by Google:
Be sure that, your blog is not blocked by Google. Because Adsense will check your blog statistics on their search engine. Don’t know how to check it? Just search for “site:yourdomain.com” on Google. If you find out search results, your blog is not blocked. But, if you not, it is blocked.
Don’t Have Adsense Prohibited Content:
Adsense has directly told that, sites with adult contents, copyrighted contents, drug alcohol-related contents, hacking cracking contents, violent contents, weapons related contents and other illegal contents will not be approved.
Read: 10 simple tips to avoid violating AdSense TOS
Visitors Are Not a Factor for Approval Yet:
For getting Adsense approved, visitors are not a factor. Because you will get approved depending on your blog quality. It is sure that the Adsense moderator will never check for visitor count. So, don’t worry about visitors. But, for generating revenues, you must have enough visitors.
Top islamic websites
IslamiCity.com - Islam & The Global Muslim eCommunity
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A great information site about Islam and Muslims in text,audio and video. Also, a good reference for non-Muslims who are searching about Islam, Muslims, Prophet ...
List of Top Islamic Websites - PakWatan.Pk
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List of Top Islamic Websites. The Noble Qur'an - القرآن الكريم Description: Welcome to Quran.com where you can Listen to the Quran Recitation and ...
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One place for all best things Islamic, topislamic.com is the top islamic blog for all subjects from learning arabic to tech tips! Check it out!
Islamic Websites - Dr. Abu Ameenah Bilal Philips
www.bilalphilips.com/islamic-websites
Dr Abu Ameenah Bilal Philips is a Jamaican Canadian Islamic Scholar who converted to Islam in the early seventies after journeying politically and intellectually from ...
Urdu Islamic Websites Homepage! اردو زبان میں اسلامی …
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Urdu/English Websites related to Islam, Islamic names, Islamic Books, Islami Naam.
List of islamic websites
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List of most authentic Islamic websites Assalamu 3Alaykum. These are just some of the most authentic Islamic websites. Recommended Islamic websites. 1. Sunnah …
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Three old smartphones that should be brought back
Three old smartphones that should be brought back
Authored by: Bruno Salutes
2 days ago
Android smartphones have been part of our lives since 2008. Since then many devices have emerged, some controversial like the Galaxy Note 7 with its explosions and overheating batteries. However, many models have stood out for offering unique characteristics and these have converted them into real landmarks of the mobile phone sector. Here I would like to give a shout out to three smartphones that surprised me when they released and that I would love to see brought back on the market.
Nexus 4
The Nexus 4 made by LG had an appearance and specifications that were very competitive around the middle of 2012. It was the first to have Android 4.2 Jelly Bean, and as soon as it came out on sale, was sold worldwide. Now that the end of the Nexus has arrived with Google's newest phones to be presented on October 4, the Pixel and the Pixel XL, I wouldn’t mind seeing a revamped version of this device brought out again. That being said, I will wait to see what Google delivers with its new smartphones.
Nexus 4 Android updates
nexus 4 old article
The Nexus 4 was a success worldwide in 2012. / © AndroidPIT
Google Nexus Evolution
Galaxy S Advance
It was the year 2012 and for the first time, a top of the range Samsung came in a more basic version. In fact, today this device may appear to be rather modest but the truth is that the Galaxy S Advance was a great success when it was launched. None of the users at the time seemed to mind that it was all made of plastic, plus the price of smartphones wasn’t as high as it is now.
Although I am not the biggest fan of the South Korea brand, I do admit that a 2016 version of the Galaxy Advance wouldn’t be a bad idea. Of course, the 768 MB RAM memory would have to be boosted to 2 MB, at least, and the 233 PPI screen would have to be revised. Also, a 1,500 mAh battery would need a makeover as well. On the other hand, the camera wasn't bad for the time at 5 MP. As a distinguishing feature, the re-launched model could come out with fewer pre-installed apps. Originally an international phone delivered in only select countries, this phone should make a global come-back.
galaxy s advance
The Galaxy S Advance should make a world comback. / © Samsung
Xperia Arc S
I was a happy owner of an Xperia Arc S, running with Sony's software, that had 512 MB RAM and 1 GB of storage. Of course, the user experience was very limited, however the great advantage of the Arc S was its futuristic look. Obviously a new version would have to abandon the navigation system with physical buttons.
The Xperia Arc S is another example of good build quality, even though there was a little to much plastic which would not fly as well nowadays. Those who had an Xperia from Sony Ericsson will remember that the company worked with mirror effect polycarbonate. This device had a very pleasant feel, had an unmistakable anatomy and would be very attractive today with a configuration similar to the Moto G4 Plus.
Goodbye Sony Mobile: here is why Xperia is facing extinction
xperia arc s new
The Xperia S has a very unique design. / © AndroidPIT
Each one of us has a different history with Android smartphones. After 8 years with Android in our lives, which smartphone would you like to see brought back? Give us your opinion in the comments!
Samsung glaxy s4 problems
Authored by: Mark Wilson
Feb 1, 2015
Galaxy S4 battery tips
Buy Now: Galaxy S4 and Galaxy S4 accessories from Amazon
Problems with your Galaxy S4? They might be easier to fix than you think. / © AndroidPIT
Galaxy S4 Android update news
s4 problems 1
Battery performance will suffer with age, but you can take steps to improve it. / © ANDROIDPIT
Amazon price for Samsung Galaxy S4
$395.00
Amazon
s4 problems 2
Your phone's screen is a massive drain on your battery! / © ANDROIDPIT
s4 problems 3
Built-in power saving options can be a great help for your battery life. / © ANDROIDPIT
s4 problems 4
Installing the latest updates can help to wipe out many problems too. / © ANDROIDPIT
Unexpected restarts
microsd galaxy s4 closeup
A dodgy memory card can lead to all manner of problems. / © AndroidPIT
Camera problems
s4 problems 6
Clear out app caches to see if it helps solve problems with photos. / © ANDROIDPIT
s4 problems 7
Having trouble staying online? Try disabling mobile data. / © ANDROIDPIT
s4 problems 8
A hidden menu provides access to Wi-Fi power-saving options. / © ANDROIDPIT
Tuesday, 20 September 2016
How cell phone works.
How Do Cell Phones Work?
Posted In: Cell Phone Radiation & Wireless Energy, Cell Phone Technology, Radiation
are-cell-phones-safe
With worldwide mobile subscriptions estimated to be around 7 billion in 2014, cell phones have become a universal and indispensable tool for modern life. With a cell phone, you can talk to anybody on the planet from almost anywhere. But do you really know how your cell phone works?
In the most basic form, a cell phone is essentially a two-way radio, consisting of a radio transmitter and a radio receiver. When you chat with your friend on your cell phone, your phone converts your voice into an electrical signal, which is then transmitted via radio waves to the nearest cell tower. The network of cell towers then relays the radio wave to your friend’s cell phone, which converts it to an electrical signal and then back to sound again. In the basic form, a cell phone works just like a walkie-talkie.
In additional to the basic function of voice calls, most modern cell phones come with additional functions such as web surfing, taking pictures, playing games, sending text messages and playing music. More sophisticated smart phones can perform similar functions of a portable computer.
Radio Waves
radio wavesCell phones use radio waves to communicate. Radio waves transport digitized voice or data in the form of oscillating electric and magnetic fields, called the electromagnetic field (EMF). The rate of oscillation is called frequency. Radio waves carry the information and travel in air at the speed of light.
Cell phones transmit radio waves in all directions. The waves can be absorbed and reflected by surrounding objects before they reach the nearest cell tower. For example, when the phone is placed next to your head during a call, a significant portion (over half in many cases) of the emitted energy is absorbed into your head and body. In this event, much of the cell phone’s EMF energy is wasted and no longer available for communication.
Antenna
Cellular antennaCell phones contain at least one radio antenna in order to transmit or receive radio signals. An antenna converts an electric signal to the radio wave (transmitter) and vice versa (receiver). Some cell phones use one antenna as the transmitter and receiver while others, such as the iPhone 5, have multiple transmitting or receiving antennas.
An antenna is a metallic element (such as copper) engineered to be a specific size and shape for transmitting and receiving specific frequencies of radio waves. While older generation cell phones have external or extractable antennas, modern cell phones contain more compact antennas inside the device thanks to advanced antenna technologies. It’s important to understand that any metallic components in the device (such as the circuit board and the metal frame for the iPhone) can interact with the transmission antenna(s) and contribute to the pattern of the transmitted signal.
Many modern smart phones also contain more than one type of antenna. In addition to the cellular antenna, they may also have Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and/or GPS antennas.
Connectivity
connectvityAs mentioned earlier, a cell phone is a two-way wireless communication device and needs both the inbound signal (reception) and the outbound signal (transmission) to work. The magnitude of the received signal from the cell tower is called the “signal strength”, which is commonly indicated by the “bars” on your phone. The connectivity between a cell phone and its cellular network depends on both signals and is affected by many factors, such as the distance between the phone and the nearest cell tower, the number of impediments between them and the wireless technology (e.g. GSM vs. CDMA). A poor reception (fewer bars) normally indicates a long distance and/or much signal interruption between the cell phone and the cell tower.
In order to conserve battery life, a cell phone will vary the strength of its transmitted signal and use only the minimum necessary to communicate with the nearest cell tower. When your cell phone has poor connectivity, it transmits a stronger signal in order to connect to the tower, and as a result your battery drains faster. That’s why good connectivity not only reduces dropped calls, but also saves battery life.
Cell towers info.
I recently visited a cell site shared by Clearwire and two other unnamed carriers—without frying my nuts. We've all driven past them so many times, but have you ever actually wondered how they work?
Exclusive: WiMax Uncapped Speed Tests
A cable modem in your pocket. Rockin' down the highway with video on demand. Real wireless…
Read more on i.gizmodo.com
How They Work
Whether it's handling simple phone calls or 12Mbps WiMax data, cell sites are organized with more or less the same flow:
• A cellphone or modem radios the nearest towers, saying, basically, "I'm here!" When you make a call or logon, your phone then sends a message via radio that's picked up by the antenna array.
• A wire or fiberoptic line carries the call down to the wireless access point, connected to a multi-port switch.
• The call, along with many others, gets routed to a backhaul, usually down to an underground wired T1 or T3 line, but sometimes back up the mast to a powerful line-of-sight wireless microwave antenna. They resort to wireless either when they don't have a ground connection, or when the ground connection sucks.
• The incoming call or data comes back from the backhaul and up through the switch to the antenna, where it then hits your phone wirelessly, presuming your phone is still communicating with the same site. If you are moving, then there's a handoff—a new but more or less identical cell site transmits the data to your phone, once your phone checks in and says "I'm here."
All of this happens in the blink of an eye.
MOBILINK PAKISTAN HISTORY.
Mobilink is Pakistan’s leading provider of voice and data services, bringing more people together through service excellence and product innovation. With more than 38 million subscribers, Mobilink maintains market leadership through cutting-edge, integrated technology, the strongest brands and the largest portfolio of value added services in the industry, a broadband carrier division providing next generation internet technology as well as the country’s largest network with over 9,000 cell sites making everyday a better day for its customers.
Housing Pakistan’s largest distribution and contact centre networks and an unparalleled 6,500 kilometers fiber optic backbone, Mobilink has already invested over US $3.9 billion in the country to date, with another USD 1 billion being invested in network modernization. Mobilink provides uninterrupted countrywide connectivity, unmatched customer services and international roaming in over 140 countries.
As a responsible corporate citizen, Mobilink offers a range of socially inclusive products and services dedicated to enhance access to information. Through Mobilink Foundation, the company passionately supports education, health and environmental initiatives and promotes sustainable business practices.
Mobilink offers exclusive & personalized tariff plans that empower customers and cater to the communication needs of a diverse group of people, from individuals to businessmen to corporate and multinationals.
Telenor Pakistan is 100% owned by the Telenor Group, an international provider of high quality voice, data, content and communication services in 13 markets across Europe and Asia. Telenor Group is among the largest mobile operators in the world with 180 million mobile subscriptions and a workforce of approximately 33,000.
Telenor Pakistan has reported a subscriber base of over 36 million, making it Pakistan's second largest mobile operator.
The company acquired the GSM license in 2004 and began commercial operations on March 15, 2005. So far, it has invested over USD 2.3 billion in the local economy and has created 2,400 direct and 25,000 plus indirect jobs. It also has a network of over 200,000 retailers, franchises and sales & service centers, thus providing means of livelihood to thousands of Pakistanis.
Over Rs. 147 billion in various forms of direct and indirect taxes have been contributed to the national exchequer by Telenor Pakistan since the beginning of its operations in 2005. Telenor Pakistan's corporate headquarters are in Islamabad, with regional offices in Karachi, Lahore, Faisalabad, Multan, Hyderabad and Peshawar.
Mobile Financial Services
Telenor Pakistan acquired 51% of Tameer Microfinance Bank in November 2008 and in 2009, launched Pakistan’s first and to date the largest Mobile Financial Services brand 'Easypaisa'. In February 2014, Easypaisa won two GSMA awards at the Mobile World Congress in Barcelona Spain. It was honoured the ‘Best Mobile Money Service in the World’ and ‘Best Mobile Money Service for Women in Emerging Markets.'
Internet Services
Telenor Pakistan took part in the spectrum auction held on April 23, 2014 and acquired the license to launch 3G services in Pakistan for USD 147.5 million. With the ambition of bringing ‘Internet for All’, the company started aggressive rollout of 3G services across urban and rural areas of Pakistan. Today, Telenor Pakistan is the fastest growing 3G network in Pakistan and expanded the 3G coverage area to 45 cities by the end of October 2014. Telenor Pakistan currently serves over 1.3 million 3G customers across Pakistan.
Telenor Pakistan provides also wide EDGE connectivity across the country. It has one of the largest data networks (GPRS) in Pakistan providing Internet services to customers.
Corporate Responsibility
In addition to our focus on extending the benefits of mobile communications, Telenor Pakistan contributes to society through selected social investments that are focused on long-term partnerships that can contribute to lasting change. Focus areas for Telenor Pakistan are; Disability, Education, Health, Emergency Response and Employee Volunteerism.
Currently, Telenor Pakistan is partnering with Plan international to rehabilitate 44 partially damaged, flood affected, government middle schools across Pakistan to benefit more than 10,000 students. PKR 145 million have already been allocated to improve the infrastructure of school buildings, provide water sanitation & hygiene (WASH) facilities, construct IT labs, install solar electrification and in house maintenance of the facilities. The school improvement plan also includes teacher/student training on use of ICT for education and improved conceptual clarity through Telenor m-learning service as well as e-education content.
Khuddar Pakistan is Telenor Pakistan's flagship corporate responsibility program which aims to create dignified opportunities for persons with disabilities. The purpose is to become the most disabled-friendly organization in Pakistan in terms of employment, service, and community support.
We have also has taken and continue to implement a number of environment friendly initiatives that include mainstreaming energy efficiency and alternate energy solutions, and implementing occupational health & safety practices that comply with international standards.